Until 8.13, ./configure -local would give me a local installation of coq, for which I had a /bin/ folder that I could include in my $PATH for local use (without the need for an opam switch).
Now the -local flag is gone. I can provide a custom folder to ./configure -prefix, but then it seems that I must provide -coqlib whenever I invoke coqc.
Is there a way to have my bin/coqc automatically lookup the library that was built with it?
What @SkySkimmer answered is tailored to developers, not to users, so it’s documented in the developer documentation (and BTW, the explanation that you quote should probably have been updated).
Basically, your use case (producing a local installation) is not supported anymore. But I’m a bit surprised that the alternative solution that you tried (providing a custom folder to ./configure -prefix) did not work because of this -coqlib issue that you mention. Maybe that’s something worth digging into and possibly writing a bug report about…
-local was removed because used a different layout which was a PITA to use.
We do support local installation for now, in addition to -profile devel, a clean build make -f Makefile.dune world will also produce a usable layout in _build/install [as of today]
Tho, if you are not developing Coq itself, I think it is a better idea to use stow or local opam swichtes.